diff --git a/crud.py b/crud.py
index c4c413d..805e415 100644
--- a/crud.py
+++ b/crud.py
@@ -243,12 +243,17 @@ async def get_client_balance_summary(client_id: str, as_of_time: Optional[dateti
         params
     )
     
-    # Get total payments made (only those created before the cutoff time)
+    # Get total payments made (only those with ATM transaction time before the cutoff)
+    # Use transaction_time instead of created_at for temporal accuracy
+    payment_time_filter = ""
+    if as_of_time is not None:
+        payment_time_filter = "AND transaction_time <= :as_of_time"
+    
     total_payments_result = await db.fetchone(
         f"""
         SELECT COALESCE(SUM(amount_fiat), 0) as total 
         FROM satoshimachine.dca_payments 
-        WHERE client_id = :client_id AND status = 'confirmed' {time_filter}
+        WHERE client_id = :client_id AND status = 'confirmed' {payment_time_filter}
         """,
         params
     )
@@ -262,7 +267,7 @@ async def get_client_balance_summary(client_id: str, as_of_time: Optional[dateti
         from lnbits.core.services import logger
         # Verify timezone consistency for temporal filtering
         tz_info = "UTC" if as_of_time.tzinfo == timezone.utc else f"TZ: {as_of_time.tzinfo}"
-        logger.info(f"Client {client_id[:8]}... balance as of {as_of_time} ({tz_info}): {total_deposits - total_payments} centavos remaining")
+        logger.info(f"Client {client_id[:8]}... balance as of {as_of_time} ({tz_info}): deposits.confirmed_at <= cutoff, payments.transaction_time <= cutoff → {total_deposits - total_payments} centavos remaining")
     
     return ClientBalanceSummary(
         client_id=client_id,